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AN ANALYSIS OF FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOW PRODUCTIVITY OF EMPLOYEES IN GOVERNMENT PARASTATALS A STUDY OF NATIONAL ELECTRIC POWER AUTHORITY ENUGU ZONAL OFFICE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL BACKGROUND TO THE SUBJECT MATTER
Productivity in public Organization as well as in the private sector is simply the relationship between inputs and outputs. Inputs are basically resources such as labour, materials and capital. Outputs are such accomplishments as the work done, products distributed or services rendered. This in Nigerian, workers has been experiencing certain problem that has been hindering their productivity level that has adversely affected gross domestic product.
The government in trying to see that productivity maintains an Impressive level created the ministry of Labor, employment and productivity, National productivity center etc. in order to help alleviate the problems of Nigerian workers.
In view of these, one may genuinely ask, why is the Nigerian workers inherently characterized by low productivity in spite of all government efforts to improve productivity?
The answer to this disturbing question is difficult but vital and will be discussed extensively as we proceed into the study. Briefly we take a short historical background of N.C.P.A. that is a service organization in the public sector and the researcher decides to choose it in over viewing the general Nigerian workers. NEPA- The history of our present day NEPA would be incomplete if the old public work department of government which in 1876 installed the first generating set inLagos, in not mentioned.
In 1895, the preliminary investigation and planning were carried out by the P.W.D (public works Department) inLagosat a cost of N3, 206000 and it was under the government of southernNigeriain 1896 that the sum of N12, 000 were allocated for the former location of NEPA Headquarters inLagos. Mr. T. poke was the first Chief Electrical Engineer of this establishment which was known as the Lagos Electricity supply.
In 1924, the system which hitherto operates the 1-phase 3-wire 80 cycle which is still being maintained till today.
Consequently, in 1929, a meter section was established to deal with the metering of various consumers. In the establishment of these bodies there was duplicity of functions by the federal government. Both agencies were involved in generation and transmitting electricity one sold to the other which then sells to the public. The federal Government decided to merge the two bodies this was done during the budget speech of the then, head of military Government major General Yakubu Gowon in 1972, he declared that in the interest of affording the nation a well coordinating system of electricity supply, the ECN and the NDA should merge into a body to be known as National Electric power Authority (NEPA). Thus by Decree N0. 24 of 1972, NEPA was established.
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR LOW PRODUCTIVITY
N.E.P.A proclaimed that “it shall be the duty of the authority to developed and maintain an efficient, Co-ordinated and economical system of electricity supply for all parts of the Federation or as the authority may direct” with this, the organization was established to render service which is in line with aiding management in achieving it’s objectives and fulfilling its policies. But there has been certain factor that has posed as problems hindering the provision of adequate services to consumers of electricity supply.
This problem can be sub-divided into two major heading, internal and external factors: -
The Internal factors are those problems that are contributed by the staff of the organization within their working environment and also those opeit out to staff by management, they are as follows: -
(i) Lack of incentives schemes and fringe benefits
(ii) Environmental factors.
(iii) Inadequate manpower utilization and training
(iv) Lack of good management practices
(v) Inadequate motivate
(vi) Policies in the organization concerning disciplinary measures, promotions etc.
These are faced with workers in the organization depriving them of the ability to meet up to their customers’ expectation in services rendering. We now look into the other problems that are externally forge against the workers effective supply f services, they are:-
i) Low gas pressure and low water level, in the running of the hiermal and Hydro power stations respectively.
ii) Indiscriminate bush burning
iii) Illegal connections
iv) Theft and vandalization of N.E.P.A. equipment by unscrupulous persons.
v) Road construction workers damaging N.E.P.A. Underground cables
vi) Careless and reckless motorists running into N.E.P.A. installations like transformers, substations and even electric poles.
vii) Inadequate fund for the rehabilitation of old and worn-out equipments, or the procurement of new ones when the need arises.
These were spelt out as what is an affecting worker in their bid to carry out their work effectively, thereby weighing down productivity increase in their organization.
1.2 PROBLEM ASSOCIATED TO THE SUBJECT MATTER
Studies has been carried out in Nigeria regrettably, not much has been done in the way of solving the problems facing Nigerian workers which has been detrimental on increased productivity that will in small way contribute to the development of a developing Nation like Nigeria. Therefore this is particularly facing workers in public organization ranging from the junior staff to the management staff.
In order to foster increased productivity among workers in Nigeria with the help of the study carried out in the National Electric power Authority as a guide, will in no small way enable us to find solutions to the following problems stated below.
1.3 PROBLEMS THAT THE STUDY WILL BE CONCERNED WITH
The objective of this study is to discover the following.
1) What ways to be applied to ensure workers commitment to work in order to foster increased productivity?
2) To investigate how effective the motivational methods, if any has played any role in the bid to increased productivity of workers
3) What should be done to increase the overall interest of the workers?
4) To closely look at those factors responsible for low productivity of workers.
5) To review the current operating standards of management suggest if possible any other standard that will be of great help in the task of stepping up productivity.
1.4 THE IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING THE AREA
The result of this research will help to adjust those problems that militate against productivity of workers in the public sector of the economy and thus help to improve the image of the course.
The research will provide solutions to low productivity problems to aid increased productivity level of workers, which is considered the highest objective of managers of organization. The research will as well provide for management the needed sound background in theory, practice for implementation of their policies as well as co-coordinating, organizing, and controlling of the affairs of the public sector.
It is also helps N.E.P.A. management in dealing with its productivity problem serves as research material (secondary data) to future work that could be related to the study.
1.5 DEFINITION OF IMPORTANT TERMS
In the course of going through this work, some key words and phrases, which are very vital, has been explained below for better understanding.
PRODUCTIVITY: is the ratio between out put and all resources used in production.
LOW PRODUCTIVITY: inadequate productivity or mainly low level of production
SUPPLY: The provision of electricity Current
POWER: The generated electricity for domestic use
REFERENCE
AGBATO - Annual Report of the National Commission on productivity. (march 1972) Government printing office.
BRECH, E.F.L. - Principles and practice of management Long man group LTDEngland1975
ETTON MAYO - Behavioural school of management of though Harvard Business school. 1932.